The results of monument protection works on main gas pipelines are
summarized based on the experience of the Scientific and Research Centre
«Rescue Archaeological Service» of the Institute of Archaeology, National
Academy of Sciences of Ukraine. Center’s experience acquired during preventive
archaeological research implementation in the construction zones of linear
objects of engineering and transport infrastructure is presented.
During 1992–2017, Center conducted archival and bibliographic research,
archaeological investigations (surveys), archaeological excavations and
archaeological supervision at 8 objects of the gas transportation system of
Ukraine on a total length of almost 300 km. These works were performed at all
three stages of the construction investment cycle: in pre-project, design and
construction works.
It is presented how and to what extent the magistral gas pipelines
construction effects on archaeological heritage objects. It is determined that
the influence zone during construction is a right-of-way strip up to
38.5 m wide and land plots of ground structures and its protective zones,
and the source of influence is earthworks on archeology objects and on their
protective zones.
A clear regularity is observed: resource consumption growth and research
cost increase are depending on the type of preventive archaeological research;
processing areas reduction and the number of archeology objects are depending on the stage of investment project.
For monument protection measures it was applied an approach based on the
mitigation hierarchy and it was proposed cultural heritage management
procedures,
taking into account the best international practices,
namely:
1) at the stage of pre-project work it is advisable to prepare
source data about known archaeological heritage sites and to make an impact
assessment on them, to calculate the volume and cost of future investigations
(surveys) for the approved version of the main gas pipeline route;
2) at the design stage it is necessary to make archaeological investigations
(surveys) within the temporary diversion limits of the gas pipeline route,
prepare a report and develop monument protection measures for all archeology
objects that which is threatened a direct negative impact, determine the volume
and calculate the estimates of such measures;
3) at the construction stage to provide monument protection works
as archaeological excavations, archaeological supervision and archaeological
site’s documents production for the archaeological monument;
4) at the operation stage the cultural heritage protection
authorities are obliged to take into account all archaeological objects within the gas pipeline
technical corridor into the state register and periodically to monitor their
preservation condition.
